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Waves of Displacement from Hama and Southern Countryside s Needs Assessment Report January 2018 Since the beginning of November 2017, the eastern side of Hama governorate, which is under the control of the opposition forces, has been witnessing an escalation of military actions by the Syrian regime forces. The regime has increased the volume of the shelling, as its advancing has led to the flight of most of the civilians from these sub-districts towards the southern countryside of. The number of IDPs from Al-Saa n, Elhamra, Oqeirbat, and Suran sub-districts reached 72,760 IDPs. Most of them settled in Sinjar, Tamanaah, Ma'arrat An Nu'man, Khan Shaykun, and Saraqab in the southern countryside. On 14 November 2017, the regime forces managed to control al-hawiyah village, which follows the sub-district of Tamanaah, and by so doing the regime crossed the administrative boundaries of governorate. Noting that, as the regime was advancing, its operation was accompanied by dozens of air raids launched daily on governorate. The Air raids were concentrated on the southern sub-districts, resulting in several massacres; something which increased the rate of displacements towards the northern sub-districts of government. Figure1: Distribution of IDPs According to Place of Residence Figure 2: Number of Families & Individuals Displaced by District Both of the Elhamra sub-district in Hama eastern countryside and the Sinjar sub-district in southern countryside have seen complete exodus; as all of the population of these sub-districts are running for their lives fleeing towards, meanwhile, the regime forces are advancing. The sub-district of Tamanaah is also seeing an exodus at 60% of the population. In the meantime, the Ma'arrat An Nu'man sub-district countryside and Hysh sub-district is also experiencing a percentage of 15% displacement of the people heading north. Page 2
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The Information Management Unit (IMU) of the Assistance Coordination Unit (ACU), through its enumerators distributed all over the sub-districts of governorate and the northern camps in Syria tracked the numbers of the IDPs, and by made triangulation of the data with available source of information in order to reach to the distribution of the IDPs with a view to put an assessment of their basic needs. The number of registered IDPs up to the date of January 7, 2018, stood at 117,876 persons, who took refuge in 198 displacement points. Only 10% of the IDPs were able to make it reaching to camps in the north and they took shelter in the amps of Atma, Al Karama, Qah, and Al Rahma in the Al Dana sub-district, in addition to the Salqin sub-district camp, with a number of 11,868 IDPs, among whom the number of families stands at 1,978. The percentage of the IDPs who settled in camps within the sub-districts accounted for 6% of the total IDPs. These camps are classified as group accommodation or self-managed camps. These camps are concentrated in Maar Shamshimah related to the Ma'arrat An Nu'man sub-district ( Al-Za'lanah camp, Al-Malaa'b camp, Al-Ghanam souq camp), and the Qatrah camp in the Sinjar sub-district, in addition to many other camps. The majority of IDPs took refuge in the open or were received with hosting families. The percentage of this group reached 84%, reflecting a number of 104,030 IDPs, who were distributed in the governorate of, whereby most of them were concentrated in the Ma'arrat An Nu'man district. Governorate District Total Number to the IDPs Infants Children 3-5 Years Children 6-14 years Teens 15-18 years Adults (19-25) Grown ups (26-59 years) Ariha 12648 759 1,012 2,909 759 2,024 4,553 632 Jisr-Ash- Shugur 5,256 315 420 1,209 315 841 1,892 263 Elders 60+ years Harim 30,942 1,857 2,475 7,117 1,857 4,951 11,139 1,547 Center 17,940 1,076 1,435 4,126 1,076 2,870 6,458 897 Hama Ma'arrat An Nu'man As- Suqaylabiyah 41,754 2,505 3,340 9,603 2,505 6,681 15,031 2,088 2,604 156 208 599 156 417 937 130 Aleppo Jebel Saman 6,732 404 539 1,548 404 1,077 2,424 337 Total 117,876 7,073 9,430 27,111 7,073 18,860 42,435 5,894 The largest number of the IDPs in the sub-districts of Ma'arrat An Nu'man was 41,754 IDPs, while second in place was the Harim district, where the IDPs reached a number of 30,942 IDPs. Noting that the Ma'arrat An Nu'man district is the first point in their flight journey, whereby it is receiving thousands of IDPs and at the same time thousands are heading towards the northern subdistricts of the governorate. It is however expected that the number of IDPs in the Ma'arrat An Nu'man district will drop down, meanwhile it is going to increase in Harim and center due to the escalation of the military operations in the district Ma 'arrat An Nu'man. Page 4
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IDPs Basic Needs: The IDPs could not manage to bring along any shelter supplies; all of the fleeing people have left their homes under the scourge of shelling and escalating military actions. The IDPs are in need for basic shelter items, distributed once at the beginning of each season. Figure 1: Shelter Needs (one-time distribution) The IDPs need 19,646 tents. Notwithstanding the fact that the displaced families are resorting to a random settlement agricultural lands which would lead to flooding of tents in rainy weather. What is more alerting is that most of the IDPs are just left in the open, with no tents to shelter them. The hosting community at the displacement locations are receiving the fleeing IDPs in their homes, whereby more than four families are staying in one household. The distribution of each tent is accompanied by a floor and a ground insulation. Each family urgently needs three mattresses, five blankets and one heater. Governorate District Tents Mattresses Rain Insulators Blankets Floor Insulators Kitchen kits Heaters Ariha 2,108 6,324 2,108 10,540 2,108 2,108 2,108 Jisr-Ash- Shugur 876 2,628 876 4,380 876 876 876 Harim 5,157 15,471 5,157 25,785 5,157 5,157 5,157 Center 2,990 8,970 2,990 14,950 2,990 2,990 2,990 Ma'arrat An 6,959 20,877 6,959 34,795 6,959 6,959 6,959 Nu'man Hama As- Suqaylabi 434 1,302 434 2,170 434 434 434 yah Aleppo Jebel Saman 1,122 3,366 1,122 5,610 1,122 1,122 1,122 Total 19,646 58,938 19,646 98,230 19,646 19,646 19,646 Page 6
The IDPs need food aid, personal hygiene items and heating fuel on a regular basis. The following table shows the quantities of food and non-food items the IDPs need on a monthly basis: Figure 2: IDPs Monthly Requirments The IDPs need emergency food baskets that the families located in the district of Ma'arrat An Nu'man usually obtain, seeing that this area is the first stop where IDPs stay in. These baskets would contain canned food that need no cooking. An IDP also needs to be provided with a food basket on monthly basis, when settled in a camp. The number of infants was 7,073. Each baby needs four cans of infant milk formula per month. The monthly IDPS requirement for infant milk reached 28,290 cans. Each baby also needs three bags of diapers a month, with a monthly requirement of 21,218 bags. Humanitarian organizations are providing each family with 5 liters of heating fuel per day, which is the minimum requirement, especially for the IDPs lodged in camps. The need for heating fuel reached 2.946,900 liters of heating fuel per month. Governorate District Food Baskets Hygiene Kits Fuel Heating/liter Baby Formula Baby Diapers /bag Monthly requirement of bread / ton Ariha 2,108 2,108 316,200 3,036 2,277 75.89 Jisr-Ash- Shugur 876 876 131,400 1,261 946 31.54 Harim 5,157 5,157 773,550 7,426 5,570 185.65 Center 2,990 2,990 448,500 4,306 3,229 107.64 Ma'arrat An Nu'man 6,959 6,959 1,043,850 10,021 7,516 250.52 Hama As- Suqaylabiyah 434 434 65,100 625 469 15.62 Aleppo Jebel Saman 1,122 1,122 168,300 1,616 1,212 40.39 Total 19,646 19,646 2,946,900 28,290 21,218 707.26 The bread needs for IDPs is 707.26 tons per month. Noting that the largest number of bakeries exist in the Harim district and the bread support is provided by the GOAL organization. This organization is also supporting the water wells in this region; but the said organization has stopped supporting the water in the sub-district of Drkush since early January 2018. The WASH Cluster in Turkey reported that 15 partners suspended water support in the governorate of due to shortage of support from donors. Page 7
The Effects of Displacement on Livestock: The majority of the residents in the sub-districts of southern Hama countryside and the southern countryside are livestock attendants, where the sub-districts of Oqeirbat, Elhamra, Suran in the Hama countryside, and the sub-districts of Sinjar and Tamanaah in, are the main places for livestock distribution in the areas under the control of the opposition forces in northern Syria. The sheep and goats in these sub-districts constitute 70% of the livestock in the areas under the control of the opposition forces in and Hama governorates. The number of sheep and goats available in the area is estimated at 326,802. As the people are being displaced from the eastern Hama countryside and the southern countryside, most of the livestock have been driven along. The shepherds had to leave the fodders behind as they flee because of the shelling and the military operations. There are no pastures for the sheep to graze at this time of season. And this would force the shepherds to depend on fodders. An estimated amount of 2 kg is needed for each sheep or goat head, 1 kg of straw, 1 kg of fodder concentrate. The estimated need of fodder for the sheep for one month is 9,804 tons of hay and 9,804 tons of fodder concentrate. In addition to this, the livestock also need antibiotics and vitamins as a result of the animals exposure to fever and respiratory diseases, because of the travel. In general, the livestock, especially goats need shelter; seeing that they cannot stand the cold conditions and this would lead to animal mortality. Page 8
The ACU works to double the impact of humanitarian assistance by providing statistical information, needs assessments and response plans for actors working in Syrian crisis. A mission aiming at reaching to a coordinated response that answers for the suffering of those affected by the war in Syria. Page 9